{"id":1990,"date":"2023-01-19T23:26:16","date_gmt":"2023-01-19T23:26:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ancientegyptblog.com\/?p=1990"},"modified":"2023-01-19T23:26:22","modified_gmt":"2023-01-19T23:26:22","slug":"roman-sarcophagus","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ancientegyptblog.com\/?p=1990","title":{"rendered":"Roman Sarcophagus"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Even though Rome was the dominant power in the Mediterranean at the time, Cleopatra VII \ud80c\ude0e\ud80c\udced\ud80c\uddcb\ud80c\udf6f\ud80c\udeaa\ud80c\udd3f\ud80c\udca7\ud80c\udc8b\ud80c\udfcf\ud80c\udd3f\ud80c\udd87 was determined to keep Egypt \ud80c\udd8e\ud80c\udd53\ud80c\udfcf\ud80c\ude96 independent of Rome.&nbsp; However, with the defeat of Mac Antony by Augustus \ud80c\ude50\ud80c\ude7b\ud80c\udc00 in battle, and the death of Cleopatra VII \ud80c\ude0e\ud80c\udced\ud80c\uddcb\ud80c\udf6f\ud80c\udeaa\ud80c\udd3f\ud80c\udca7\ud80c\udc8b\ud80c\udfcf\ud80c\udd3f\ud80c\udd87 (the last Pharaoh \ud80c\ude50\ud80c\ude7b, died by suicide c. 31 B.C.E.), Egypt \ud80c\udd8e\ud80c\udd53\ud80c\udfcf\ud80c\ude96 was conquered by the Romans. This made Augustus \ud80c\ude50\ud80c\ude7b\ud80c\udc00 the first Roman Emperor.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Traditionally, the Romans burned their dead and put their ashes in urns. However, in Roman Egypt, traditional Egyptian funerary practices persisted but adopted some Roman style! Nonno always pointed out the Roman influenced sarcophagi \ud80c\udf9f\ud80c\udef9\ud80c\ude16\ud80d\udc0d\ud80c\udead\ud80c\udfea in museums because he thought it was so interesting that an image \ud80c\udfcf\ud80c\udd71\ud80c\udfcf of the deceased \ud80c\udd53\ud80c\udfcf\ud80c\udff1 was on the coffin, instead of the traditional Egyptian &#8220;mask.&#8221; The painting of the deceased \ud80c\udd53\ud80c\udfcf\ud80c\udff1 still functioned like a traditional Egyptian mask, however it was just more \u201cRoman\u201d in style.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"580\" height=\"436\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/ancientegyptblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/9D2AE1F6-7846-45FF-BB16-901B150C83B3-1024x770.jpeg?resize=580%2C436&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1991\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.ancientegyptblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/9D2AE1F6-7846-45FF-BB16-901B150C83B3.jpeg?resize=1024%2C770&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.ancientegyptblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/9D2AE1F6-7846-45FF-BB16-901B150C83B3.jpeg?resize=300%2C226&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.ancientegyptblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/9D2AE1F6-7846-45FF-BB16-901B150C83B3.jpeg?resize=768%2C578&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.ancientegyptblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/9D2AE1F6-7846-45FF-BB16-901B150C83B3.jpeg?resize=1200%2C903&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.ancientegyptblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/9D2AE1F6-7846-45FF-BB16-901B150C83B3.jpeg?w=1440&amp;ssl=1 1440w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 580px) 100vw, 580px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>The mask could either serve as protection \ud80c\udd53\ud80c\udc9d\ud80c\udfa1\ud80c\udc1c for the deceased \ud80c\udd53\ud80c\udfcf\ud80c\udff1, or take the place of the body if the head was destroyed or lost. In the Egyptian religion, the body of the deceased \ud80c\udd53\ud80c\udfcf\ud80c\udff1 needed to stay intact in order for the deceased \ud80c\udd53\ud80c\udfcf\ud80c\udff1 to be transported to the afterlife \ud80c\uddfc\ud80c\udd3f\ud80c\udfcf\ud80c\ude50\/Field of Reeds \ud80c\uddcf\ud80c\udfcf\ud80c\ude05\ud80c\uddcb\ud80c\udd3f\ud80c\udc8b\ud80c\udd71\ud80c\uddb0\ud80c\ude96. This was the purpose of mummification &#8211; to preserve the body so both the Ka \ud80c\udc93 (soul) and the Ba \ud80c\udd61\ud80c\udffa(life force) would be able to recognize the body!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I think this sarcophagus \ud80c\udf9f\ud80c\udef9\ud80c\ude16\ud80d\udc0d\ud80c\udead (from the second century AD) in particular is very interesting because it demonstrates a marriage of the two \ud80c\udffb cultures.\u00a0 The Roman influence is clearly seen, with the painted portrait of the deceased (and his name \ud80c\udc8b\ud80c\ude16, Artemidorus below the portrait).\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"580\" height=\"411\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/ancientegyptblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/30DCE2E8-320A-4D64-8613-6ABE46D1A629-1024x725.jpeg?resize=580%2C411&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1992\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.ancientegyptblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/30DCE2E8-320A-4D64-8613-6ABE46D1A629.jpeg?resize=1024%2C725&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.ancientegyptblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/30DCE2E8-320A-4D64-8613-6ABE46D1A629.jpeg?resize=300%2C212&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.ancientegyptblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/30DCE2E8-320A-4D64-8613-6ABE46D1A629.jpeg?resize=768%2C543&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.ancientegyptblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/30DCE2E8-320A-4D64-8613-6ABE46D1A629.jpeg?resize=1200%2C849&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.ancientegyptblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/30DCE2E8-320A-4D64-8613-6ABE46D1A629.jpeg?w=1440&amp;ssl=1 1440w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 580px) 100vw, 580px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>However, the Egyptian gods \ud80c\udeb9\ud80c\udeb9\ud80c\udeb9 are present in gold \ud80c\udede\ud80c\udcc9\ud80c\udcc9\ud80c\udcc9 on the body of the sarcophagus \ud80c\udf9f\ud80c\udef9\ud80c\ude16\ud80d\udc0d\ud80c\udead. Anubis \ud80c\uddcb\ud80c\ude16\ud80c\udeaa\ud80c\udd71\ud80c\udce3, Maat \ud80d\udc19\ud80c\udf34\ud80c\udca3\ud80c\udfcf\ud80c\udc66, Thoth \ud80c\udd64\ud80c\udc2d , and Horus \ud80c\udd43\ud80c\udc2d are depicted. Iconic Egyptian imagery \ud80c\udfcf\ud80c\udd71\ud80c\udfcf such as the winged sun disk is located above the feet, while a traditional broad collar \ud80c\udd71\ud80c\udef4\ud80d\udc0d\ud80c\udfba\ud80c\udedd is in gold \ud80c\udede\ud80c\udcc9\ud80c\udcc9\ud80c\udcc9 around the neck of the mummy \ud80c\uddcb\ud80c\udc79\ud80c\udd71\ud80c\udc3e.&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Even though Rome was the dominant power in the Mediterranean at the time, Cleopatra VII \ud80c\ude0e\ud80c\udced\ud80c\uddcb\ud80c\udf6f\ud80c\udeaa\ud80c\udd3f\ud80c\udca7\ud80c\udc8b\ud80c\udfcf\ud80c\udd3f\ud80c\udd87 was determined to keep Egypt \ud80c\udd8e\ud80c\udd53\ud80c\udfcf\ud80c\ude96 independent of Rome.&nbsp; However, with the defeat of Mac Antony by Augustus \ud80c\ude50\ud80c\ude7b\ud80c\udc00 in battle, and the death of Cleopatra VII \ud80c\ude0e\ud80c\udced\ud80c\uddcb\ud80c\udf6f\ud80c\udeaa\ud80c\udd3f\ud80c\udca7\ud80c\udc8b\ud80c\udfcf\ud80c\udd3f\ud80c\udd87 (the last Pharaoh \ud80c\ude50\ud80c\ude7b, died by suicide c. 31 B.C.E.), Egypt [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"nf_dc_page":"","om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[16,20,26,34],"class_list":["post-1990","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-artifacts","tag-artifact","tag-british-museum","tag-gods-and-goddesses","tag-roman"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - 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